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- <text id=90TT1707>
- <title>
- July 02, 1990: Canada:What Comes After Armageddon?
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- July 02, 1990 Nelson Mandela:A Hero In America
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 30
- CANADA
- What Comes After Armageddon?
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>The Meech Lake accord expires, Quebec insists on its unique
- status, and the country falls into constitutional confusion
- </p>
- <p>By James L. Graffe/Ottawa
- </p>
- <p> For months June 23 had loomed as the date of Canada's
- constitutional Armageddon. If the ten provinces failed by that
- time to ratify the delicate agreement known as the Meech Lake
- accord, years of effort at balancing the aspirations of French-
- and English-speaking Canadians would automatically fall apart--and so, in the most pessimistic prognosis, might the
- country.
- </p>
- <p> Last week the deadline came and went without the desperately
- sought unanimity. Instead there was constitutional confusion
- and, finally, admission that the controversial agreement was
- dead. Canada faced the divisive possibility that Quebec would
- reject any further attempt to negotiate with the other
- provinces on the issues that had riven the country and consumed
- so much of its energy. "In the name of all Quebeckers, I want
- to announce my profound disappointment," said a drawn Premier
- Robert Bourassa. "English Canada must clearly understand that
- Quebec is today and forever a distinct society, capable of
- ensuring its own development and its destiny."
- </p>
- <p> The outcome was unmitigated disaster for Prime Minister
- Brian Mulroney. He had stressed time and again that the Meech
- Lake effort would fail unless two balking provinces voted to
- ratify the accord. At the center of Mulroney's concern was the
- agreement's recognition that Quebec could preserve and promote
- a unique status as a "distinct society" within Canada, based
- on the fact that the province is the only one with a
- French-speaking majority. Many other Canadians, including
- former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, charged that the accord
- might fatally weaken the country.
- </p>
- <p> Two weeks ago, Mulroney thought he had secured an agreement
- on the pact after a 70-hour marathon of closed-door bargaining
- with provincial premiers in Ottawa. Last week he saw that deal
- fall apart when the legislatures of Manitoba and Newfoundland
- adjourned without taking ratification votes. "Today is not the
- day to launch new constitutional initiatives," a somber
- Mulroney said afterward. "It is a time to heal wounds and reach
- out to fellow Canadians."
- </p>
- <p> There was rejoicing, however, among Canadians who objected
- to the accord's content. The Manitoba standoff was a victory
- for the legislature's only native member, Elijah Harper, 41,
- a Cree Indian. Harper had managed to stall debate on the Meech
- Lake question for almost two weeks. He wanted the accord to
- fail, on the ground that it did not recognize the unique status
- of Canada's 700,000 aboriginal people. Thousands of his
- supporters gathered before the legislature in solidarity,
- pounding drums and holding prayer vigils.
- </p>
- <p> "Our fight is not with Quebec," said Harper, who throughout
- his stonewalling clutched an eagle feather as a sign of divine
- guidance. The province's aims "are the same goals we as
- aboriginal people are seeking to achieve." Ottawa's attempts
- to mollify Harper with promises of an active role in future
- constitutional reform were rejected by native leaders. Said
- Manitoba's Ovide Mercredi: "We aren't interested in
- horse-trading."
- </p>
- <p> The federal government made a last-ditch attempt to save the
- deal. Mulroney's chief constitutional negotiator, Senator
- Lowell Murray, announced that the government would ask the
- Supreme Court to extend the June 23 deadline, thus giving
- Manitoba time to complete its ratification. The maneuver had
- the opposite result. The premier of the other dissenting
- province, Newfoundland's Clyde Wells, complaining bitterly of
- the "fabricated precipice" of the June 23 deadline, then called
- off his own legislature's vote. Murray announced an hour later
- that the accord had expired.
- </p>
- <p> What next? The entire point of the Meech Lake accord was to
- bring Quebec into the reformed 1982 constitution the province
- had refused to sign. Another goal was to short-circuit Quebec's
- up-and-down aspirations to break away from confederation in
- favor of separate nationhood. To those ends, Mulroney and
- Bourassa had supported the "distinct society" clause as the
- means to preserve Quebec's French language and culture, a deep
- concern among the province's 6.5 million residents. Seven other
- provincial premiers agreed, with varying degrees of reluctance.
- </p>
- <p> As that hard-won agreement died last week, the country sank
- into a fit of finger pointing. Ottawa blamed Newfoundland's
- Wells for the debacle. But Mulroney himself was a major target.
- Said Jean Chretien, favored to become leader of the opposition
- Liberal Party: "Prime Minister, Canadians will never ever
- forgive you."
- </p>
- <p> In Quebec, Jacques Parizeau, leader of the separatist Parti
- Quebecois, struck a pose shoulder to shoulder with his rival
- Bourassa. "Canada is saying no to Quebeckers," he declared. "I
- say to my premier, let's try to find a way together to the
- future of Quebec."
- </p>
- <p> The damage looked to be lasting. Even before the accord
- collapsed, polls showed that 63% of French-speaking Quebeckers
- supported some form or other of separation from the rest of
- Canada. The stage was set for a demonstration of that unhappy
- feeling as the province prepared for its "national" holiday,
- St. Jean Baptiste Day, on June 24. It augured to be one of the
- most fervent expressions of nationalist sentiment that Quebec
- had seen for decades. Such passions may not fade easily. Last
- week it was difficult to see through the shattered accord how
- Canada might put the pieces back together again.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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